SPI - Qualcomm Dragonwing Documentation

The serial peripheral interface (SPI) is a synchronous serial data link that operates in full duplex mode. SPI is also referred as a 4-wire serial bus.

Figure : SPI data flow

The SPI core supports the bidirectional SPI standard, point-to-point, and controller-target protocol. The SPI core uses four chip‑select lines (SPI_CS#_N) to select target devices for communication. The following two data lines support the bidirectional data transfer.

SPI_DATA_MO_SI: Controller data output, target data input.
SPI_DATA_MI_SO: Controller data input, target data output.

Table : Data and control signals in SPI

Data signals	MOSI: Controller data output, target data input.
	MISO: Controller data input, target data output.
Control signals	SCLK: A clock generated by the controller and input to all targets.
	CS: Chip-select, a target is selected when the controller asserts its CS_N signal.

SPI features

This section explains the SPI serial engine transfer modes and the different scenarios where each mode is used. This section also describes the FIFO and DMA enabled in various subsystem SPI drivers. Table : SPI transfer modes

Subsystem	Transfer mode	Description
Linux	FIFO (low speed) CPU DMA (high speed) GSI	Supports a maximum configuration speed of 50 MHz.
Boot	FIFO	Transfer rates up to 50 MHz. The host sets the SPI clock frequency nearest to the requested frequency. 4 bits to 32 bits per word of transfer. Maximum of 4 chip selects (CS) per bus. GSI mode isn’t supported on boot. The driver executes in polling mode.
aDSP	Full duplex Half duplex Synchronous Serial communication	There is no explicit communication framing, error checking, or defined data word length. The communication is strictly at the raw bit level. Transfer rates up to 50 MHz. The host sets the SPI clock frequency nearest to the requested frequency. 4 bits to 32 bits per word of transfer. Maximum of 4 chip selects (CS) per bus.

SPI interface components

This section provides information about the subsystem drivers, kernel device tree nodes, and related documentation. Table : SPI interface: Linux

File type	Description
Device tree source	QCS6490 and QCS5430: https://git.linaro.org/kernel-org/linux-next.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sc7280.dtsi Dragonwing IQ-9075: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sa8775p.dtsi Dragonwing IQ-615: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/qcom/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/qcs615.dtsi?h=arm64-for-6.16 For information about QUP v3 serial engine device nodes, see the kernel documentation at https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/spi/qcom%2Cspi-geni-qcom.yaml
`Pinctrl` settings	QCS6490 and QCS5430: https://git.linaro.org/kernel-org/linux-next.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sc7280.dtsi Dragonwing IQ-9075: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sa8775p.dtsi Dragonwing IQ-615: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/qcom/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/qcs615.dtsi?h=arm64-for-6.16
Qualcomm TEE settings	`/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/qup_accesscontrol/qupv3/config/<chipset>/QUPAC_Access.c`

Table : SPI interface: Boot

File type	Description
QUP v3 serial engine configuration	QUP v3 serial engine: `/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/BOOT.MXF.1.0.c1/boot_images/boot/Settings/Soc/<chipset>/Core/Buses/qup_common/<chipset>-qupv3.dtsi` GPIO configurations: `/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/BOOT.MXF.1.0.c1/boot_images/boot/Settings/Soc/<chipset>/Core/Buses/qup_common/<chipset>-qupv3-pinctrl.dtsi`
Qualcomm TEE settings	`/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/qup_accesscontrol/qupv3/config/<chipset>/QUPAC_Access.c`

Table : SPI interface: aDSP/SLPI/SDC

File type	Description
QUP v3 serial engine configuration	`/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/ADSP.HT.5.5.c8/adsp_proc/core/settings/buses/qup_common/config/<chipset>/adsp/ssc/qup_devcfg.c` `/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/ADSP.HT.5.5.c8/adsp_proc/core/settings/buses/qup_fw/config/<chipset>/fw_devcfg.c` `settings/buses/qup_common/config/<chipset>/adsp/ssc/qup_devcfg.json`
Firmware configuration settings	`/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/ADSP.HT.5.5.c8/adsp_proc/core/settings/buses/qup_fw/config/<chipset>/fw_devcfg.c` `/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/ADSP.HT.5.5.c8/adsp_proc/core/settings/buses/qup_fw/config/<chipset>/fw_devcfg.xml`

Table : SPI interface: Qualcomm TEE

File type Description

QUP v3 serial engine configuration

File type	Description
QUP v3 serial engine configuration	`/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg_user.c` `/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg_user.h` `/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg.xml`
Qualcomm TEE settings	`/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/qup_accesscontrol/qupv3/config/<chipset>/QUPAC_Access.c`

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg_user.c
/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg_user.h
/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg.xml

Qualcomm TEE settings

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/qup_accesscontrol/qupv3/config/<chipset>/QUPAC_Access.c

SPI APIs

SPI APIs for the following subsystems are listed in this section.

Linux:
- https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/uapi/linux/spi/spidev.h.
- https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/linux/spi/spi.h.
Boot: boot_images/boot/QcomPkg/Include/SpiApi.h
aDSP/SDC: adsp_proc/core/api/buses/spi_api.h

SPI software device tree configuration

This section provides information on the SPI device tree configuration and documentation for the device nodes.

Linux

For device SPI details, see the following DTSI files.

QCS6490 and QCS5430: https://git.linaro.org/kernel-org/linux-next.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sc7280.dtsi
Dragonwing IQ-9075: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sa8775p.dtsi
Dragonwing IQ-615: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/qcom/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/qcs615.dtsi?h=arm64-for-6.16

For more information about kernel documentation specific to the SPI device nodes, see https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/spi/qcom%2Cspi-geni-qcom.yaml, and SPI driver file at https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/drivers/spi/spi-geni-qcom.c.

spi@a98000 {
compatible = "qcom,geni-spi";
reg = <0 0x00a98000 0 0x4000>;
clocks = <&gcc GCC_QUPV3_WRAP1_S6_CLK>;
clock-names = "se";
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&qup_spi14_data_clk>, <&qup_spi14_cs>;
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 368 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
power-domains = <&rpmhpd SC7280_CX>;
operating-points-v2 = <&qup_opp_table>;
interconnects = <&clk_virt MASTER_QUP_CORE_1 0 &clk_virt SLAVE_QUP_CORE_1 0>,
		<&gem_noc MASTER_APPSS_PROC 0 &cnoc2 SLAVE_QUP_1 0>;
interconnect-names = "qup-core", "qup-config";
		dmas = <&gpi_dma1 0 6 QCOM_GPI_SPI>,
	       <&gpi_dma1 1 6 QCOM_GPI_SPI>;
dma-names = "tx", "rx";
status = "disabled";
};

For kernel documentation specific to the GPIO pinctrl configuration, see the following files.

QCS6490 and QCS5430: https://git.linaro.org/kernel-org/linux-next.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sc7280.dtsi
Dragonwing IQ-9075: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sa8775p.dtsi
Dragonwing IQ-615: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/qcom/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/qcs615.dtsi?h=arm64-for-6.16
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pinctrl/qcom,<chipset>-tlmm.yaml

The corresponding configurations of the QUP v3 serial engine GPIOs are present and mapped in the pinctrl.dtsi. For example:

qup_spi14_data_clk: qup-spi14-data-clk-state {
				pins = "gpio56", "gpio57", "gpio58";
				function = "qup16";
			};

			qup_spi14_cs: qup-spi14-cs-state {
				pins = "gpio59";
				function = "qup16";
			};

			qup_spi14_cs_gpio: qup-spi14-cs-gpio-state {
				pins = "gpio59";
				function = "gpio";
			};

			qup_spi15_data_clk: qup-spi15-data-clk-state {
				pins = "gpio60", "gpio61", "gpio62";
				function = "qup17";
			};

Ensure that the protocol configuration for a particular serial engine uses the SPI protocol in the file at

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/qup_accesscontrol/qupv3/config/<chipset>/QUPAC_Access.c

. Modify the required settings if needed or see the default settings assigned for QUP v3 serial engine instances. Following is the sample configuration for enabling the SPI.

{ QUPV3_0_SE3, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // CAN SPI
{ QUPV3_1_SE3, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            FALSE, TRUE,  TRUE }, // LS1 SPI
{ QUPV3_1_SE4, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_GSI,  AC_TZ,              FALSE, TRUE,  TRUE }, // SPI -NFC ESE
{ QUPV3_1_SE6, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_GSI,  AC_HLOS,            FALSE, TRUE,  FALSE}, // FP
{ QUPV3_SSC_SE2, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_GSI, AC_ADSP_Q6_ELF,  FALSE,      FALSE, FALSE }, // IMU_SPI

Boot

Configure the QUP v3 settings according to the Qualcomm Linux chip product requirements in the

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/BOOT.MXF.1.0.c1/boot_images/boot/Settings/Soc/<chipset>/Core/Buses/qup_common/<chipset>-qupv3.dtsi

file.

NoteTo enable the required QUP v3 serial engine, update the QUP v3 wrapper node status to okay, and the respective serial engine node to disabled state.

The following sample nodes help to configure the QUP v3 serial engine in boot. QUP wrapper node sample

       /* QUPV3_0  wrapper  instance */
    TOP_QUP_0{ 
        compatible = "qcom,qup-controller";
        qup_id                      = /bits/  8 <(QUP_0)>;
        core_base_addr              = <QUPV3_0_CORE_BASE_ADDRESS>;
        common_base_addr            = <(QUPV3_0_CORE_COMMON_BASE_ADDRESS)>;
        se_wrapper_base_addr        = <(QUPV3_0_CORE_SE_BASE_ADDRESS)>;
        core_frequency              = <100000000>;
        qup_flags                   = <(QUP_FLAGS_UNUSED)>;
        num_se                      = /bits/ 8 <8>;
        status                      = "okay"; 

Sample node of serial engine instance

/*TOP_QUP_0_SE_0  Instance */ 
        TOP_QUP_0_SE_0{
          status                      = "disabled";  (updated to okay if you need the instance to be enabled)
            core_offset                 = <0x00000000>;
            se_flags                    = <(USES_DDR_BUFFER | USES_INTERNAL_DDR_MEM | ENABLE_FATAL_ON_TIMEOUT | POLLED_MODE)>;
            se_index                    = /bits/  8 <0>;
            FIFO_MODE                   = /bits/  8 <1>;
            protocol_supported          = <(I2C_SUPPORTED | UART_SUPPORTED | SPI_SUPPORTED)>;
            interface_supported         = <CORE_IRQ>;
           * gpi_index                   = /bits/ 8 <0xFF>;
            core_irq                    = /bits/ 16 <0>;
            pdc_irq                     = /bits/ 16 <0>;
            gpio_int_num                = /bits/ 16 <0>;
            i2c_hub                     = /bits/ 8  <0>;
            i2c_mm                      = /bits/ 16 <0>;
            SE_EXCLUSIVE                = /bits/  8 <1>;
            pinctrl-names               = "i2c-default", "i2c-sleep","spi-default", "spi-sleep","uart-default", "uart-sleep";
            pinctrl-0                   = <&top_qup0_se0_i2c_active>;
            pinctrl-1                   = <&top_qup0_se0_i2c_sleep>;
            pinctrl-2                   = <&top_qup0_se0_spi_active>;
            pinctrl-3                   = <&top_qup0_se0_spi_sleep>;
            pinctrl-4                   = <&top_qup0_se0_uart_active>;
            pinctrl-5                   = <&top_qup0_se0_uart_sleep>;

            se_clock                    = "gcc_qupv3_wrap0_s0_clk";
        };

For pinctrl definitions, see the GPIO configuration file at

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/BOOT.MXF.1.0.c1/boot_images/boot/Settings/Soc/<chipset>/Core/Buses/qup_common/<chipset>-qupv3-pinctrl.dtsi

. Sample GPIO configuration:

#define top_qup0_se1_i2c_active_cfg  GPIO_CFG(GPIO_INPUT,GPIO_PULL_UP,GPIO_DRIVE_STRENGTH(200),GPIO_STRONG_PULL)

In <chipset>-qupv3-pinctrl.dtsi modify the macro with the GPIO configuration when the requirements are different from the default configuration.
For the macro definition, see the header file path at Settings/Include/gpio-dt.h.

Replace macro in sample TLMM node.

  /*TOP_QUP0_se1_pinctrl*/
    top_qup0_se1_i2c_active: top_qup0_se1_i2c_active{
    --    config = <&qup0_l0_1 top_qup_i2c_active_cfg>,
                 <&qup0_l1_1 top_qup_i2c_active_cfg>;
   ++  config = <&qup0_l0_1 top_qup0_se1_i2c_active_cfg>,
                 <&qup0_l1_1 top_qup0_se1_i2c_active_cfg>;
    };

NoteVerify Qualcomm TEE settings before changing the unified extensible firmware interface (UEFI) configuration. Ensure that the serial engine node is in FIFO_MODE and accessible from the application processor. Verify that the loaded protocol is according to the requirement.

aDSP/SDC

The firmware loads SSC QUP during the bootup sequence of the aDSP subsystem. The configuration file is present in the aDSP build at

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/ADSP.HT.5.5.c8/adsp_proc/core/settings/buses/qup_fw/config/<chipset>/fw_devcfg.c

and

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/ADSP.HT.5.5.c8/adsp_proc/core/settings/buses/qup_fw/config/<chipset>/fw_devcfg.xml

. The following configuration is a sample of the SSC QUP SE4 loaded with the SPI firmware.

se_cfg se4_cfg = { 0x90000, SE_PROTOCOL_SPI,   	GSI,     TRUE, TRUE };

GPIO configuration: Each serial engine in the QUP common driver is configured with the default GPIO configuration. The GPIO configuration is picked up by the QUP common driver according to the protocol loaded for the serial engine at

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/ADSP.HT.5.5.c8/adsp_proc/core/settings/buses/qup_common/config/<chipset>/adsp/ssc/qup_instance_mapping.c

. The default GPIO configuration can be overwritten as follows.

{      .instance_id          =  5 ,         //Instance ID
        .qup              =  QUP_SSC,    //QUP Type
        .se_index         =  4,          //SE ID
        .se_data          =  NULL,       //devcfg_map
        .protocol_io_cfg  =  {
                                TLMM_MAP(TLMM_GPIO_KEEPER ,TLMM_GPIO_2MA,TLMM_GPIO_KEEPER ),              //SLEEP CFG
                                TLMM_MAP(TLMM_GPIO_NO_PULL,TLMM_GPIO_6MA,TLMM_GPIO_KEEPER ),              //SPI CFG
                                TLMM_MAP(TLMM_GPIO_NO_PULL,TLMM_GPIO_2MA,TLMM_GPIO_NO_PULL),              //UART CFG
                                TLMM_MAP(TLMM_GPIO_PULL_UP,TLMM_GPIO_2MA,TLMM_GPIO_NO_PULL),              //I2C CFG
                                TLMM_MAP(TLMM_GPIO_PULL_UP,TLMM_GPIO_2MA,TLMM_GPIO_KEEPER )               //I3C CFG
                             },
        .se_exclusive     =  TRUE,
}

TLMM_MAP is a macro to initialize the active and sleep state GPIO configurations. For example, sample usage of the TLMM_MAP macro.

TLMM_MAP (active state pull type, drive strength, sleep state pull type)

Qualcomm TEE

The QUP v3 access configuration settings are at

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/interface/spi_devcfg.h

. To enable the QUP v3 serial engine for SPI in

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg_user.h

, add #define TZ_USE_SPI_X (X is the SPI serial engine number) as follows.

#define TZ_USE_SPI_13 //NFC-ese

#define TZ_USE_SPI_14 //Touch-SPI

#define TZ_USE_SPI_15 //FP sensor

The TZ_USE_SPI_<num> number is based on the serial number of the serial engine (starting from one). For example, if there are two QUPs: QUPV3_0 with seven serial engines and QUPV3_1 with eight serial engines, the user must enable QUPV3_2_SE2. The macro should be TZ_USE_SPI_9. GPIO configuration: In the following example, drive strength and pull are configured according to the PIN starting index from MISO at settings/buses/spi/qupv3/config/<chipset>/tz/spi_devcfg_user.c.

spi_plat_device_config_user spi_device_user_config_0 =
 
    {2,2,2,2,-1,-1,-1},    //.drive_strength index: 0 - MISO, 1 - MOSI, 2 - SCLK, 3 - CS_0, 4- CS_1, 5- CS_2, 6- CS_3
                                	                 value: 0 - 2MA, 1 - 4MA, 2 - 6MA
    {1,1,0,1,-1,-1,-1},    //.pull index: 0 - MISO, 1 - MOSI, 2 - SCLK, 3 - CS_0, 4- CS_1, 5- CS_2, 6- CS_3
                                value: 0 - NO_PULL, 1 = PULL_DOWN, 2 = KEEPER, 3 = PULL_UP
    0xFF,                 //.gpii_idx 
    0,                   //.mode_select  not supported for TZ
    0,                   //.flags not supported for TZ
};

Access control permission to the Qualcomm TEE subsystem is configured in the QUPAC policy at

/firmware/qualcomm-linux-spf-1-0_ap_standard_oem_nomodem/TZ.XF.5.0/trustzone_images/core/settings/buses/qup_accesscontrol/qupv3/config/<chipset>/QUPAC_Access.c

const QUPv3_se_security_permissions_type qupv3_perms_iot_rb3[] =
{
  /*   PeriphID,         ProtocolID,               Mode,  NsOwner,       bAllowFifo, bLoad, bModExcl  */
  { QUPV3_0_SE0, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_I2C,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // LT9611 and QPS615 I2C
  { QUPV3_0_SE1, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_I2C,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // APPS I2C - PCIE/ USB Type C
  { QUPV3_0_SE2, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_I2C,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // SMB / LS1 I2C
  { QUPV3_0_SE3, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // CAN SPI
  { QUPV3_0_SE4, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_UART_4W, QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // LS1 UART
  { QUPV3_0_SE5, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_UART_2W, QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  FALSE, FALSE }, // Debug UART
  { QUPV3_0_SE6, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_UART_2W, QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // WLAN UART
  { QUPV3_0_SE7, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_UART_4W, QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // Hastings BT
  { QUPV3_1_SE0, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPMI,    QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_ADSP_Q6_ELF,     TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // QuP SPMI
  { QUPV3_1_SE1, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_I2C,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // NFC I2C
  { QUPV3_1_SE2, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_I2C,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE }, // HDMI OUT for VIDEOIOBoard
  { QUPV3_1_SE3, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_FIFO, AC_HLOS,            FALSE, TRUE,  TRUE }, // LS1 SPI
  { QUPV3_1_SE4, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_GSI,  AC_TZ,              FALSE, TRUE,  TRUE }, // SPI -NFC ESE
  { QUPV3_1_SE5, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_I2C,     QUPV3_MODE_GSI,  AC_HLOS,            FALSE, TRUE,  FALSE}, // Legacy Touch
  { QUPV3_1_SE6, QUPV3_PROTOCOL_SPI,     QUPV3_MODE_GSI,  AC_HLOS,            FALSE, TRUE,  FALSE}, // FP
  /*QUPV3_1_SE7*/
};

SPI bringup

This section describes how to enable the Qualcomm Linux SPI drivers.

Linux

To verify SPI communication with the device, kernel configuration must be enabled. The CONFIG_SPI_SPIDEV=m setting is enabled in the corresponding <chipset> defconfig file. Enable the specific QUP v3 SPI serial engine instance in the kernel device tree.

SPI configuration

This section provides information about the SPI software driver kernel configuration and device tree node changes.

Linux

The following driver kernel configurations are required to support the SPI interface.

Driver source file at https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/drivers/spi/spi-geni-qcom.c
Kernel defconfig file at <workspace_path_of_LINUX_kernel_image>/sources/kernel/kernel_platform/kernel/arch/arm64/configs/qcom_defconfig

The following kernel configurations must be enabled.

CONFIG_QCOM_GENI_SE=y
CONFIG_SPI_QCOM_GENI=m
CONFIG_SPI_SPIDEV=m to configure user space applications
CONFIG_QCOM_GPI_DMA=m to enable GSI support

To enable the SPI node for the loopback validation, apply the following patch to the /arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/<chipset>.dtsi file.

diff --git a/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/<chipset>.dtsi b/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/<chipset>.dtsi
index 82dfa3e..344e99a 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/<chipset>.dtsi
+++ b/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/<chipset>.dtsi
@@ -6760,3 +6760,12 @@
<GIC_PPI 10 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_LOW>;
 };
 };
+
+&spi14 {
+        status = "ok";
+        spidev@0 {
+                compatible = "spidev";
+                spi-max-frequency = <50000000>;
+                reg = <0>;
+        };
+};

diff --git a/drivers/spi/spidev.c b/drivers/spi/spidev.c
index d13dc15..36d7914 100644
--- a/drivers/spi/spidev.c
+++ b/drivers/spi/spidev.c
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
static LIST_HEAD(device_list);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(device_list_lock);
 
-static unsigned bufsiz = 4096;
+static unsigned bufsiz = 35000;
module_param(bufsiz, uint, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(bufsiz, "data bytes in biggest supported SPI message");
 
@@ -742,6 +742,7 @@
 	{ .compatible = "semtech,sx1301", .data = &spidev_of_check },
 	{ .compatible = "silabs,em3581", .data = &spidev_of_check },
 	{ .compatible = "silabs,si3210", .data = &spidev_of_check },
+	{ .compatible = "spidev"},
{},
 };
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, spidev_dt_ids);

NoteYou should compile the kernel configuration and device tree changes. After the kernel is compiled, you can load the images to the device to verify the interface. For information about interface verification, see the SPI verification section.

SPI verification

This section describes the validation procedure and test results for the SPI drivers.

Linux

To cross-compile the SPI tools, do the following.

Access the SPI tool from yocto/build-qcom-wayland/tmp-glibc/work-shared/<chipset>/kernel-source/tools/spi. For more details about the SPI tool, see https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/tree/tools/spi.

Install cross compiler.

sudo apt-get install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu

Set up the environment for cross-compilation by running the following command.
export ARCH=arm64 export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-
Compile the tool by running the following command.
make

Verify SPI device

Verify the driver by checking for dev node (/dev/spidev1.0) in the SSH shell or use the ADB shell. For more information about how to run SSH, see the Use SSH section.

To verify the SPI driver, do the following:
1. Open the SSH shell in permissive mode or use the ADB shell.
2. Mount the file system.
  mount -o remount,rw /usr
3. Transfer files using SCP or similar tools. For example, scp spidev_test root@10.92.175.138:/bin.
4. Assign permission to execute.
  chmod 777 spidev_test

Verify an SPI device. Command format ./spidev_test -D /dev/<spidev_node>.

./spidev_test -D /dev/spidev1.0
./spidev_test -D /dev/spidev3.0

The following output is displayed.

spi mode: 0x0
bits per word: 8
max speed: 500000 Hz (500 KHz)

Run the following command for information about usage.

./spidev_test -help

The following output is displayed.

-D --device   device to use (default /dev/spidev1.1)
-s --speed    max speed (Hz)
-d --delay    delay (usec)
-b --bpw      bits per word
-i --input    input data from a file (e.g. "test.bin")
-o --output   output data to a file (e.g. "results.bin")
-l --loop     loopback
-H --cpha     clock phase
-O --cpol     clock polarity
-L --lsb      least significant bit first
-C --cs-high  chip select active high
-3 --3wire    SI/SO signals shared
-v --verbose  Verbose (show tx buffer)
-p  Send data (e.g. "1234\xde\xad")
-N --no-cs    no chip select
  -R --ready    slave pulls low to pause
  -2 --dual     dual transfer
  -4 --quad     quad transfer
  -8 --octal    octal transfer
  -S --size     transfer size
  -I --iter     iterations

SPI debugging

This section describes the default logging method of the SPI software driver to enable logging the SPI transfer failures.

Linux

The SPI driver logs are enabled through a dynamic debugging method. Enable CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG in <workspace_path_of_LINUX_kernel_image>/sources/kernel/kernel_platform/kernel/arch/arm64/configs/qcom_defconfig to support the dynamic debugging of the kernel drivers. To enable and view the SPI driver logs in the kernel logs (dmesg), run the following command.

mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug
echo -n "file spi-geni-qcom.c +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
echo -n "file qcom-geni-se.c  +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
echo -n "file spidev.c +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
echo -n "file gpi.c +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control

SPI examples

For information about the upstream device tree reference, see the following DTSI files.

QCS6490 and QCS5430: https://git.linaro.org/kernel-org/linux-next.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sc7280.dtsi
Dragonwing IQ-9075: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sa8775p.dtsi
Dragonwing IQ-615: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/qcom/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/qcs615.dtsi?h=arm64-for-6.16

For information about device-tree node for the Qualcomm Linux hardware SoCs, see the following DTSI files.

QCS6490 and QCS5430: https://git.linaro.org/kernel-org/linux-next.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/qcs6490-rb3gen2.dts
Dragonwing IQ-9075: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sa8775p.dtsi
Dragonwing IQ-615: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/qcom/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/qcs615.dtsi?h=arm64-for-6.16

​SPI features

​SPI interface components

​SPI APIs

​SPI software device tree configuration

​Linux

​Boot

​aDSP/SDC

​Qualcomm TEE

​SPI bringup

​Linux

​SPI configuration

​Linux

​SPI verification

​Linux

​Verify SPI device

​SPI debugging

​Linux

​SPI examples

SPI features

SPI interface components

SPI APIs

SPI software device tree configuration

Linux

Boot

aDSP/SDC

Qualcomm TEE

SPI bringup

Linux

SPI configuration

Linux

SPI verification

Linux

Verify SPI device

SPI debugging

Linux

SPI examples